Device for the marking and adjustment of an index leaf in book-keeping machinery



W 11%@ H. DEVICE FOR THE MARKING AND ADJUSTMENT OF AN INDEX LEAF IN BOOK-KEEPING MAUI-IINERY Filed March 14, 1955 Shwae'ts Sheei: l

flwfm 46 I v w DEVICE FOR THE MARKING AND ADJUSTMENT OF AN INDEX LEAF IN BOOK-KEEPING! MACHINERY Filed March M, 1.955 -1 Shee'ts -Sheet 22 INVENTOR.

BY HA msMq RTl/V.

A TTOE/VEK A N 259,, N58 H. MARTIN DEVICE FOR THE MARKING AND ADJUSTMENT OF AN INDEX LEAF IN BOOK-KEEPING MACl-IINERY 4 Sheets-Sheet 55 Filed March 14, 1955 g INVENTOR.

H4 NS M IPT/N. BY

Apwfiii 29% WW H. MARTIN fi fi DEVICE FOR THE MARKING AND ADJUSTMENT OF AN INDEX LEAF IN BOOK-KEEPING MACHINERY 4R Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March M, 1955 ATTOIPNEK United States Patent DEVICE FOR THE MARKING AND ADJUSTMENT OF AN INDEX LEAF IN BOOK-KEEPING MA- CHINERY Hans Martin, Kaufbeuren, Algau, Alpina BuromaschinemWerk G. Algau, Germany, a firm Germany, assignor to m. b. H., Kaufheuren,

The present invention relates to the marking and adjustment of an index leaf in book-keeping machinery.

evices on typewriting, calculating, or book-keeping machines for the marking and adjustment of an index card or leaf for a basic leaf fixed in the machine are already known to the art. Devices of this kind are usually provided with means for the punching or embossing of a mark in the index leaf, whereby the actuation is effected either conjointly with the actuation of the carriage or with the line spacing means. But there are also known devices which employ a special lever for the actuation of the punching or embossing means.

These known devices further employ a stop member which, when the index leaf is inserted into the machine, automatically engages in the mark provided in the margin of the leaf and thereby arrests the index leaf at the proper line.

However, these known constructions have several disadvantages.

The automatically acting devices, operated for example through carriage-actuation or through line-spacing, require an intricate and bulky driving mechanism, so that the devices have to be combined, with the book-keeping machine proper or with special devices, into a unit. The

consequences are, that automatic devices of this kind can not be separated from the device with which they are combined into a unit, and, therefore, not be subsequently arranged in a book-keeping machine. This means an increase in the cost of manufacture, as standardizing based on a certain type of machine is not possible.

Furthermore, there is the disadvantage that hitherto the index leaf has been provided with the mark only on one side of the leaf, so that in devices in which the insertion of the index leaf is done by hand, only onesided adjustment to the new line is possible, although rectilinear adjustment is necessary.

In the mechanically working devices it is not possible to insert the leaf by hand right away to such an extent that the stop member engages in the mark. It is first necessary to insert the leaves between pairs of rollers which determine the rectilinear adjustment, and, after this, a special handle-lever has to be actuated, whereby the pairs of rollers automatically seize the leaf and feed it into the machine to such an extent that the stop member or finder pin engages in the mark.

Furthermore, there has to be provided a means for the reception of the waste of punching.

This latter necessity is avoided by the embossing of the marks. However, the embossing has the drawback that it provides the leaf at the mark only with more or less rounded edges, instead of the sharp edges needed for the adjustment of the leaves by means of stop members.

The invention, therefore, pertains to a device for the marking and adjustment of an index leaf in book-keeping machines or devices which is of such remarkably simple construction that it can subsequently be arranged in existing machines, and yet reliably functions without loss of time and without intricate actuating mechanism, and which permits the insertion of the index leaf by hand in such manner that the index leaf is thereby automatically adjusted in rectilinear position.

One important feature of the invention is that the device consists of a combined cutting and embossing means which is movably supported on the left-hand or right-hand lead-in funnel, and which is actuated by the starting type or end type of the respective line. Another feature of the invention is that each of the lead-in or inlet funnels is provided with a. marking; and stop device. ind still another important advantage of the invention resides in the feature that the cutting and embossing means arranged on both of the inlet funnels are jointly actuated through rotation of a camshaft (by means of a handle-lever) extending over the entire length of the typewriting roller, and with which the cutting and embossing means is non-positively connected.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification and in which two embodiments of the invention have been shown by way of example. However, I wish to say that the invention is not confined to any strict conformity with the showing of the drawings, but may be changed or modified, so long as such changes or modifications mark no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressed in the appending claims.

In the drawings, in which like parts are referred to by the same reference numerals in all of the several figures,

Fig. 1 is a front-view of the entire device, on a reduced scale;

Fig. 2 is a perspective fronbview of the cutting and embossing means;

Figs. 3 and-4 are perspective detail-views of the stop means;

Figs. 5 to '7 are diagrammatic side-views, showing the mode of operation of the stop means;

Fig. '8 is a detail-view, showing the cooperation of the stop means with the stop-edge produced by the cutting and embossing means;

Fig. 9 is a detail-view of the cutting and embossing tool;

Fig. 10 is a detail-view, showing the means eilecting the lifting of the pressure rollers oif the typewriting roller when the index leaf is inserted into the machine;

Fig. 11 is a front-view of a modified form of construction;

Figs. 12 to 14 are sectional views on line I-I of Fig. 11 in various positions.

The article to be printed on, for example an index card or leaf 2, inserted into the machine from above via per se known lead-in funnels 1, 1, consisting of a transparent front wall 59 and a rear wall 48 of sheet metal, is positioned, while pressed by the customary pressure rollers 3 against the typewritiug roller 4, between a cutting and embossing tool 5 and a counter knife 6 provided both at the lead in funnels 1, 1 (see Figs. 2, 5 to 7). The funnels 1, 1 are in customary manner shiftably arranged on a connecting bar 40 by means of guide members provided on the back of the funnels. The connecting bar 40 is fastened to the swinging levers 42, 42 and forms with the latter a rigid frame rotatably supported on the supporting beam 43 of the typewriting roller or platen 4.

The cutting and embossing tool 5 is arranged by means of a threaded bolt 7 and a nut 8 on a carrier or strap 11 rotatably mounted on a hinge-pin 16 of a hinge-joint 9 (see, Fig. 2). The, hinge-joint 2 is provided with a hinge strap 12 fastened in suitable manner, for example by means of screws, to the lead-in funnels ll, 1'.

The cutting and embossing tool 5 has approximately the shape of a rectangular plate (see Fig. 9) decreasing in thickness toward its lower end, while its upper end is of roof-like cross-section. The cutting edge 5@ ere tends from the sides of the plate diagonally toward the front, so that a pointed front-end is formed. When the cutting and embossing tool 5 is moved against the index leaf 2, the pointed front-end penetrates the paper first, whereupon the diagonally extending portions of the cutting edge 53' effect the incision. in addition to this incision, the paper beneath the incision is forced backward, so that the embossment is produced as shown in Fig. 8.

The counter knife 6, projecting'through an opening 44 provided in the rear wall 180f the lead-in funnels l, l, is fastened to the hinge strap 12 of the hinge-joint 9 by means of a threaded bolt 13 and a nut 14 and adjustable in a slot in its position, with respect to the cutting and embossing tool 5. The tool carrier 11 has its free end provided with an extension 15, against which strikes, at a corresponding position of the carriage, the type 17 seated on the type bar 16 with its face portion in.

The rotational displacement of the tool carrier fl about the hinge pin 10, thus caused, is limited by a stop screw 20, extending through the carrier 11 and adjustably secured in position by the counter nut 19 and having its rear end resting against the hinge strap 12 (shown in Fig. 2 in broken lines).

Fastened to the hinge strap 12 by means of a threaded bore and secured in position by means of a counter nut 21 is a cap screw 22. A readjusting spring 23 slipped onto the cap screw 22 bearsat one end against the hinge strap 1.2 and at its other end'against a flap 24 rigidly connected to the tool carrier 11 and provided with a bore, and thus forces the carrier 11 against the head 22 of the screw serving as stop.

Fastened above the hinge joint 9 at both of the lead-in funnels 1, 1' by means of screws or the like is a supporting block 26 provided with a bearing shell 25'. Rigidly connected to the supporting block 26 is a stop square 27 The bearing shell 25 embraces a bearing bolt 28, which for clearness of illustration has been shown in Fig, 2 only in cross-section, and which is secured in its position by means of a pressure screw 46 (see Fig. 3). A swinging supporting member 2' rotatably supported on the bearing bolt 28, is urged by means of a torsion spring 30 against the stop square 27 in the direction indicated by the arrow (see Fig. 3).

The swinging supporting member 29 supports in two lugs 84 the supporting pin 31, on which are rotatably supported a stop arm 32 and a control arm 33 (see Fig. 3).

The stop arm 32, provided in its free end with a notch 34 (see Figs. 4 and 8), and the control arm 33 are nonpositively connected with each other by means of a torsion spring 35 fastened at one end to the stop arm 32 and at its other end to the control arm 33, and are at their confronting sides coupled to each other with play by means of the claws 36 (see Fig. 4).

Another torsion spring 37 arranged on the supporting pin 31 bears at one end against the swinging supporting member 29 and at its other end against the control arm 33 and thus exerts upon the control arm 33, and consequently also via the torsion spring 37 upon the stop arm 32, a turning moment in the direction of the arrow (see Fig. 4) with the result thatthe control arm 33 comes to rest against the edge 38 of an opening 37 provided in the rear wall 48 of the lead-in funnel. In this connection it has to be mentioned that the transparent front wall 49 is provided with an opening 50 of such size that the; proper functioning of the cutting and embossing tool and of the stop mechanism is not interfered with by the front wall 49 (see Fig. l).

The lifting of the pressure rollers 3 off the typewriting roller is effected through tilting of the lead-in funnels l in vertical direction (see Figs, 10 and 5 to 7).

The lifting of the rollers 3 is caused by the feature that each of the turning levers 42, 42' presses with the extension 51 provided at the lever ends (see Fig. 10) against an end of an angle lever 52 rotatably supported on a bolt 53. The bolt 53 is fastened to an arm 54 (see 1G) rigidly secured to the carriage. The other end of the angle lever 52 is provided with a recess in which engages a pin 56 provided on another angle lever 55. The angle lever 55 is rotatably supported on a bolt 57 and carries at its free end a shaft 58, on which are suported the pressure rollers 3. In addition to this, the free end of the angle lever 55 is pulled by a tension spring 39, anchored at the carriage, against the typewriting roller 4, and that is why tilting of the lead-in funnels 1, 1' causes the rollers 3 to press the index leaf 2 against the typewriting roller 4 (see Fig. 7).

The line marking contrivance of the invention is operated as follows:

When, for example, a new index leaf is to be typed on for the first time, and simultaneously to be provided with cutting and embossing marks, it is inserted from above into the vertically positioned lead-in funnels 1, 1' and then moved into writing position through tilting of the lead-in funnels 1, 1', that is to say, through pressing against the typewriting roller 4 by means of the rollers 3.

When now, at the beginning and end of the line, the knife carrier 11 is moved by the step-by-step feeding means of the carriage into the path of motion of the respective type bar 16 (see Fig. 2), the face portion 18 of the type 17 hits against the extension 15 of the tool carrier 11; and thus rotates the tool carrier about the hinge-pin 1%, whereby the cutting and embossing tool 5, by sliding past the counter knife 6, cuts through the index leaf 2 and simultaneously effects the embossing. Simultaneously the printing of the type struck at the time is likewise effected, that is to say, the cutting embossrnent and the lettering of the leaf in the vicinity of the edge on the left or right is effected automatically.

The depth of the embossrnent is regulated by means of the stop screw 26 which limits the swinging movement of the tool carrier 11 in the direction of the typewriting roller 4.

After the cutting-embossment has been effected, the readjusting spring 23 returns the tool carrier 11 to its initial position, whereby the head of the screw 22 serves as a stop.

When an index leaf 2 which is already provided with the cutting embossment has to be lettered, it is again insorted into the vertically adjusted lead-in funnels 1, 1', that is to say, with the pressure rollers 3 lifted off the typewriting roller 4, and pushed downward until the lower edge of the leaf noticeably hits against the control arms 33 (see Fig. 5), which simultaneously also effects a preadjustment of the leaf. When, after this, the leaf is pushed downward still further, the control arms 33, rotatable about the supporting pin 31, have to give way in the direction indicated by the arrow (see Fig. 5). As, however, the control arms 33 are by means of the torsion spring 35 non-positively connected with the stop arms 32, the latter perform likewise a corresponding swinging movement and thus come to rest with slight pressure against the index leaf 2. The play provided in the coupling claws 36 of the stop arms 32 and control 33 in combination with the torsion spring 35 make it possible to employ index leaves 2 of varying thicknesses of paper.

The index leaf 2 is now pushed forward by hand to such an extent that the stop arms 32 slip into the cutting embossments (see Figs. 8 and 6) and that the cutting edges engage in the notches 34. Like this, the index leaf 2 is automatically adjusted in rectilinear fashion in such a way that it extends in vertical direction with respect to the newly to be lettered line.

When the lead-in funnels 1, 1' are now tilted in rearward direction, the pressure rollers 3 press the adjusted index leaf 2 against the typewriting roller 4. When the lead-in funnels 1, 1' are tilted after the index leaf has been secured in position, the lead-in funnels, and consequently also the cutting and embossing means fastened on the latter, perform a relative movement with respect to the index leaf 2 (see Fig. 7).

As, however, the cutting edges 85 engage in the notches 34 of the stop arms 32, these stop arms 32 together with I the control arms 33 coupled to the stop arms are jointly rotated about the supporting pin 31 to such an extent that the stop arms 32 extend in almost vertical direction with respect to the index leaf 2 (see Fig. 7 While this is going on, the swinging supporting members 29, serving as supporting means for the stop arms 32 and the control arms 33, perform a swinging movement about the hearing bolts 28 and thus yield in lateral direction. This displacement. of the supporting members 29 in lateral direction increases the pressure of the torsion spring 35 with the result that the stop arms 32 exert an increased pressure against the index leaf position on the slide surface of the lead-in funnels l, 1 and thereby secure the index leaf immovably in its writing position.

By means of the first and last type-lever-stroke is then efiected the cutting embossment for the next line adjustment, as already described before.

Upon actuation of the line-spacing-mechanism, the

direction, releasing thereby the stop arms 32, so that the latter swing back to their initial position. When thereupon the lead-in funnels 1, 1 are rotated to vertical position, the pressure rollers 3 release the index leaf 2, so that the index leaf can be pulled out in upward direction.

The machine is now again in the postion illustrated in Fig. 5.

According to this form of construction, the cutting embossments are effected without additional manipulating actions during the lettering of the index leaf, whereby the particular form of the cutting embossments in combination with the stop means arranged on both sides, enable a correctly lined and rectilinear adjustment of the index leaf by hand and without eye-control. In addition to this, the index leaf is immovably secured in writing position by the provision of the stop means as hereinbefore described.

According to the invention it is further possible to letter the index leaf and to provide it with cutting embossments also on its back. This is enabled by the feature that the cutting embossments are provided in one margin at a larger distance from the edge than in the other margin. When, therefore, the leaf is turned on its back, the already existing cutting embossments do in no way interfere with the new ones, as the new markings are provided from the back beside the previous ones.

The second form of construction illustrated in Figs. 11 to 14 has the advantage that the cutting embossments are provided simultaneously in both of the margins of the index leaf, and, furthermore, that the embossments cannot be forgotten, which in the first form of construction may happen if the book-keeping entries do not extend over the entire length of the lines.

For this purpose the one marking contrivance for the article to be lettered and locked in position in the lead-in funnels of a book-keeping or typewriting machine is devised in such a way that the cutting and embossing means provided at the lead in funnels are jointly actuated through rotation by means of the handle-lever of a camshaft extending over the entire length of the typewriting roller and non-positively connected with the cutting and embossing means, whereby the camshaft is locked against index leaf 2 slides in the lead-in funnels l, I in upward (a rotation by a pawl until the lead-in funnels have been tilted into the vertical position in which the article to be lettered is released by the pressure rollers.

This second type of construction will hereinafter be described, whereby for clearness of illustration the adjusting means for the index leaf, corresponding to those of the first form of construction, will be omitted.

Rotatably supported on the shaft 43 of the typewriting roller or platen 4 is a frame, consisting of swinging levers 42 and 42 and a connecting bar 40, as already shown in the first forrrr of construction. The inlet funnels l and l are shiftably mounted on the connecting bar 40 with the aid of guiding means 41 arranged on the back of the funnels, and are provided, as means of limitation for the index leaf 2, with a wire member 62 fastened by means of a plate 6% and screws 61 (instead of with the transparent front wall 49 of the first form of construction). In addition to this, there is a counter knife 6 screwed to the front side of each of the tunnels 1 and 1', while on the back of each of the funnels a hook-shaped embossing knife or tool 5 is swingably supported by pin 6.3 and has its cutting edge 59 projecting through an opening an in the funnels 1 or 1. The cutting edge 59 is devised in the same way as that of the first form of construction (see Fig. 9) so that also in this form of construction the cutting and embossing are effected simultaneously. Furthermore, there are provided at the inlet funnels l and l the customary guide rollers 64 for the paper (see Figs. 1 and 11). The cutting and embossing knife or tool 5' has its free end pressed by means of a spring 65 against a camshaft 66 which extends over approximately the entire length of the typewriting roller 4, and which by means of journals 67,. 67 is rotatably supported in the swinging levers 42 and 42. The journal 67 anchored in the swinging lever 42 carries a torsion spring 68 (see Fig. 11) urging the camshaft 66 with its longitudinal cam 69 in the direction of the arrow A (see Fig. 12). The journal 67 or" the camshaft 66 is rigidly connected to the handle lever 70 provided with a nose 71. Owing to the action of the torsion spring 68, the nose 71 of the handle lever 70 bears against a stop 72 which simultaneously serves as connecting means between the swinging lever 52 and the connecting bar 40 (see Figs. 12 to 14). The handle lever 70 is further provided with a bearing pin 73 on which is rotatably arranged an angular pawl 74. Owing to the action of a torsion spring 75, arranged on the bearing pin 73, the pawl 74 rests against a stop pin 76 fastened on the swinging lever 42.

A side part 77 of the paper carriage is provided with a release arm 78 arranged in the swinging path of the pawl 74, and, in addition to that, carries a bolt 79 on which is rotatably supported a stop lever 80. The stop lever 8t is provided with an elongated opening 81 in which engages a pin 82 fastened on the swinging lever 42'. The pressure rollers 3 are, like those of the first form of construction, so arranged that tilting of the leadin funnels into vertical position lifts them off the typewriting roller 4 and thereby releases the index leaf 2 from its clamped position between the sheet metal members 83. i

In Fig. 12 the lead-in funnels 1, 1' are shown in writing position. The index leaf 2 is inserted into the machine and is positioned between the counter knife 6' and the cutting edge 59 of the cutting and embossing tool 5'. Owing to the action of the torsion spring '75, the pawl 74 is firmly pressed against the stop pin 76 and thus prevents a rotational displacement of the handle lever 70 about the journals 67, 67. In this position, therefore, the handle lever 7ft forms with the swinging lever 42' a rigid unit. Hence, rotation of the handle lever 70 in the direction of the arrow B (see Fig. 12.) automatically results in rotation into vertical position of the frame, consisting of the swinging levers 42, 42 and of the connecting bar 40, and consequently also of the lead-in funnels 1, l mounted on the connecting bar 40 (see Fig. 13).

At the. end of this swinging movement the pawl 74 strikes against the release arm 78, which is rigidly connected tothe side part 77 of the paper carriage, with the result that the release arm 78 lifts the pawl 74 off the stop pin 76. The blocking of the camshaft 66 and of the handle lever 70 rigidly connected to the camshaft 66, has, therefore, come to an end, so that the handle lever 70 and the camshaft 66 can now be jointly rotated about the journals 67, 67'. During this rotation, the camshaft 66 strikes with its longitudinally extending cam 69 against the free end of the hook-shaped cutting and embossing tool 5' and rotates the latter about its center of rotation 63. During this rotation, the cutting edge 59 of each of the cutting and embossing tools 5 hits the index leaf 2 and thereby effects the cutting embossment simultaneously in both of the margins of the index leaf 2 (see Fig. 14).

The lead-in funnels 1, 1 are retained in vertical position by the feature that the pin 82 arranged on the swinging lever 42' is locked up in the elongated opening 31 of the stop lever 80 (see Fig. 10 and Figs. 12 to 14).

When, after completion of the cutting and embossing action, the handle lever 70 is released, it is returned together with the camshaft 66 by the action of the torsion spring 68 to its initial position (Fig. 13), whereby its nose 71 again comes to rest against the stop 72.. Furthermore, the cutting and embossing tool 5' is returned by the spring 65 to its position of rest, whereby it remains non-positively connected with the camshaft 66 (see Fig. 13).

During the tilting of the lead-in funnels 1, 1', the pressure'rollers 3 are automatically lifted off the index leaf 2 in the described manner, so that, after completion of the cutting and embossing action and after tilting of the lead-in funnels 1, 1, the index-leaf 2 can be withdrawn from the funnels 1, 1.

For the cutting and embossing operation the size of the index leaf to be lettered is of no importance. During the shifting of the lead-in funnels 1, 1', the cutting and embossing tools slide with their free ends upon the camshaft 66 and, therefore, can be actuated through rotation of the camshaft 66 in every position of the lead-in funnels 1, 1'.

What I claim as. new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A typewriting and book-keeping machine including a travelling paper carriage, a plurality of type bars adapted to strike toward said carriage, lead-in funnels supported by said carriage for receiving an index leaf, and

cutting and embossing means movably connected with at least one of said lead-in funnels and adapted to be engaged and actuated by one of said type bars.

2. A typewriting and book-keeping machine as defined in claim 1 including stop means having a stop arm having an end adapted to be engaged in the cut made by said a cutting and embossing means, and having a control arm adapted to be engaged by the index leaf prior to engagement of said stop arm, means connected with said cutting and embossing means for swingably supporting said arms, and means for yieldingly interconnecting said arms.

3. A machine according to claim 2 in which cutting and embossing means as well as stop means are connected with each of said lead-in funnels.

4. A machine as defined in claim 1 in which said cutting and embossing means include a knife and a cutting and embossing tool movable relatively to said knife and having an edge portion cooperating with said knife for producing a shearing effect on and an incision in the index leaf, said cutting tool having a body portion whose thickness increases gradually toward said edge portion for w effecting a gradual bending of the index leaf toward} the incision made by said cutting and embossing means.

5. A machine as defined in claim 1 in which said cutting and embossing means include a knife, a cutting tool, hinge means including a first strap connected with one of said lead-in funnels and supporting said knife, and a second strap supporting said cutting tool and being adapted to be struck by one of said type bars.

6. A machine according to claim 5 including adjustable means for mounting said cutting tool on and adjusting the position of said cutting tool relatively to said second strap.

7. A machine according to claim 5 including yielding means interposed between said two straps for returning said second strap and tool mounted thereon to idle position after said second strap has been struck by a type bar.

8. A typewriting and book-keeping machine as defined in claim 1 including stop means having a stop arm having an end adapted to be engaged in the cut made by said cutting and embossing means, and having a control arm adapted to be engaged by the index leaf and being yieldably connected with said stop arm, and support means having a first part connected with said cutting and embossing means, a second part swingably supported by said first part and swingably supporting said arms, an abutment connected with said first part, and a spring interconnecting said parts for urging said second part against said abutment.

9. A machine according to claim 8 including an opening in said lead-infunnel with which said cutting and embossing means is connected, and yielding means interconnecting said control arm and said second part for urging said control arm into said opening and into the path of the index leaf.

10. A machine as defined in claim 1 including a platen supported by said carriage, means for tiltably connecting said lead-in funnel, with which said cutting and embossing means are connected, with said carriage, pressure rollers, support means for said rollers, said support means being swingably connected with said carriage for swinging said rollers toward and from said platen, and a mechanism interconnecting said support means and said lead-in funnel for swinging said support means to remove said rollers r from said platen when said funnel is in vertical position and for swinging said support means for moving said rollers onto said platen when said funnel is moved to an inclined position.

11. A typewriting and book-keeping machine including a travelling paper carriage, lead-in funnels supported by said carriage for receiving an index leaf, and cutting and embossing means connected with at least one of said leadin funnels and including a knife made fast on the lead-in funnel, and a cutting and embossing tool swingably connected with the lead-in funnel and having an edge portion cooperating with said knife for producing a shearing effect and an incision in the index leaf, said cutting and embossing tool having a surface portion inclined relatively to the plane of the index sheet and receding therefrom for effecting a gradual bending of the index leaf toward the incision made by the cutting and embossing means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNiTED STATES PATENTS 1,348,984 Dixon Aug. 10, 1920 2,649,950 Endrich Aug. 25, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 181,826 Switzerland Nov. 16, 1936 

